1891 Census

The census was on the 5th of April. Mary Shaw (née Dakin, later Shaw, then Wright) had reverted to using the Shaw name instead of Wright. She had returned to her birthplace at Elton and the household in Moor Lane was:

  Mary Shaw aged 67, head, widow, living on her own means (d. about 1899)

  Martha E Shaw aged 25, daughter, born in Darley (d. 1946 ?)

  Mary Elizabeth Shaw, aged 10, niece, scholar, born in Darley

It is not clear who were the parents of Mary Elizabeth who changed from being described as granddaughter in 1881 to niece. Perhaps Martha E was the mother. This is what Moor Lane in Elton looks like today - it is the main thoroughfare of the small village. Martha E(llen) Shaw married Charles Henry Jarvis in Q2 1893 in Bakewell.

Mary Jane Shaw, daughter of John Shaw and Mary Wright (née Dakin, previously Shaw was now living in her brother George's house in Stretton, Derbyshire.

  George Shaw aged 36, head, coal miner, born in Wensley

  Emma Shaw aged 37, wife, born in Woolley

  George Shaw aged 11, son, scholar, born in Shirland

  John Shaw aged 6, son, scholar, born in Stretton

  Mary A R Shaw aged 4, daughter, born in Stretton

  Hannah Shaw aged 1, daughter, born in Stretton

  Mary Jane Shaw aged 30, sister, servant (bath maid) born in Darley (d. 1950)

Joseph Shaw (d. 1916), the oldest son of John Shaw and Mary Wright (née Dakin, at some time Shaw) and his wife Mary (d. 1916) from Brassington were still in Teesside but had moved across the river to 26 Shepherd Street, Stockton-on-Tees. He was 41 and a labourer at a brass foundry, she was 52. They had a daughter Emma aged 17 who was born in Manchester and a son, William Shaw aged 6 born in Boden, Cheshire. There was also a boarder, Herbert Cottrill aged 25 who was employed in the iron works.

Clearly there were some errors in the Joseph Shaw household returns as Anna from 1881 had become Emma (later Emily) and William was listed as their son - he was actually Mary Jane's son. Although, given William's marriage certificate he might well have considered that Joseph and Mary were his parents, real or adoptive. Boden in Cheshire is obviously Bowdon, the parish that used to include Altrincham where William was born.

Mary Jane's brother James Shaw was now living at Foundry Street, Whittington and had married Charlotte Slater in 1885. His household was:

  James Shaw aged 32, head, labourer born in Darley Dale (d. 1935)

  Charlotte Shaw aged 27, wife, born in Brampton

  John S Shaw aged 1, son, born in Whittington

  Alfred Woodhouse aged 28, brother-in-law, grocer's assistant from Clay Cross

  Maria Woodhouse aged 23, sister-in-law, born in Newbold

  Walter Woodhouse, just born, nephew, born in Whittington

One might assume that Alfred Woodhouse had married Maria Slater a sister of Charlotte. However, the records show that Alfred James Woodhouse married Maria Turner in 1880 in Chesterfield. So the Woodhouse relationships are unclear.

Mary Jane's sister Elizabeth Ann was living with her second husband and family on Shirland Common:

  James Smedley, aged 45, head, coal miner, born in Wirksworth

  Elizabeth A Smedley, aged 36, wife, born in Wensley

  Annie Jane Shaw, aged 17, step-daughter, born in Oaker Hillside

  Mary Elizabeth Smedley, aged 6, daughter, scholar, born in Bolehill

  Alice Shaw, aged 7 months, niece, born in Elton

Annie Jane Shaw was Elizabeth Ann's daughter from before her first marriage to Edward Ashton in 1878. Alice Shaw was Mary Jane's daughter, later to become Alice Shaw-Herling, then Alice Southworth.

Mary Jane's younger brother William was now aged 22 and a farm servant at Eweclose Farm in Great Longstone, Bakewell, owned by Samuel Dore. William's birthplace was listed as Oaker Matlock.

James Shaw who had run the Crown Inn in Wensley in 1881 was still in the village but not at the inn. He and his wife were now listed quite differently and had moved to a few houses along from the Red Lion Inn: James had been a Derbyshire police superintendent responsible for weights and measures in Bakewell, Smalley and Chapel-en-le-Frith from 1870. However, in 1875 this part-time police role was replaced by full-time weights and measures inspectors.

   James Shaw aged 65, head, retired Super of Constabulary for the County of Derby (d. 1911 aged 85)

   Hannah Shaw aged 54, wife, born in Manchester (d. 1924 aged 88)

This was the Red Lion Inn in Wensley recently:

The Crown Inn in Wensley was now run by a different Shaw. William was a son of George Shaw and Sarah Taylor, younger brother of James who had been running it ten years before. William, Sophia and Margaret lived in Oker Side in 1871.

   William Shaw aged 60, head, publican, born in Wensley (d. 1903 aged 72)

   Sophia Shaw aged 58, wife, born in Holloway, Derbyshire (d. 1898 aged 66)

   Margaret M McAnn Shaw aged 20, daughter, born in Wensley (d. 1899 aged 30)

   William R I Shaw aged 1, grandson, born in Wensley

   James Taylor aged 37, nephew, joiner, born in Wensley

The former Mary Kerr, wife of the late James Herling was living with her new husband in Bridge Street, Garstang at the Golden Ball pub:

  William Dewhurst aged 69, head, innkeeper, born in Ribchester (d. 1894)

  Mary Dewhurst aged 45, wife, born in Scotland (d. 1913 aged 69)

  Annie Dewhurst aged 18, daughter, born in Longridge, Lancashire (d. 1932)

  Jessie M Herling aged 18, stepdaughter, pupil teacher, born in Aldershot

  George H M Herling aged 16, stepson, born in Colchester (d. 1914)

Annie later became the second wife of Edward John Millward Herling (see below), an older brother of Jessie M and George HM and her step-brother. George HM later married Mary Jane Shaw.

Matthias Ambrose Shaw from Rowsley died in 1883 and his wife Ann in 1890 but son Edwin was back in Rowsley, living at 2 Jessel Street:

   Edwin Shaw aged 36, head, bookkeeper, born in Rowsley

   Catharine W Shaw aged 29, wife, born in Ireland

   Fanny Shaw aged 9, daur, scholar, born in Salford

   Edwin D Shaw aged 7, son, born in Pendleton

   Arthur H Shaw aged 4, son, born in Pendleton

   Herbert A Shaw aged 2, son, born in Pendleton

   Albert J Shaw aged 7 months, son, born in Pendleton

Clearly the Edwin Shaw family had lived in Lancashire for some years but returned to Rowsley.

Robert Hargreaves, who was later to marry Mary Jane Shaw / Herling, was living in Durton Lane, Broughton, north of Preston with his first wife and two children. They married in 1888 at St John the Baptist, Broughton.

   Robert Hargreaves, aged 30, head, farmer, born in Woodplumpton

   Mary Ann Hargreaves, aged 27, wife, born in Fulwood

   Esther Hargreaves, aged 2, daur, born in Broughton (b. 13/02/1889)

   Jane Hargreaves, aged 2 months, daur, born in Broughton (b. 23/12/1890)

   Thomas Bamber, aged 18, agricultural labourer, born in Goosnargh

Mary Ann was Mary Ann Myerscough and she was b. 1863 in Broughton, her mother was Esther Castley Airey (1840-1894) and father John Myerscough (1836-1871). In 1881 Robert was living with his parents and siblings on their 82 acre farm in Newsham Hall Lane, Woodplumpton. His father was Thomas Hargreaves (1831-31/10/1910) and mother Jane née Brown (1834-1903). Thomas left £3,842 2s 6d in his will to his two sons Robert and John Arkwright Hargreaves. However, John Arkwright Hargreaves died on 19/11/1917 leaving £3,271 4s 5d to his wife Elizabeth Ann (née Topping) and Thomas Hargreaves (b. 1891) one of his sons.

With both her parents dead Mary Shaw Clay married another Clay and was looking after some of her siblings in Wensley:

   Thomas Clay aged 26, head, leadminer, born in Wensley (d. 6/10/1928, buried 10/10/1928 at South Darley)

   Mary Clay aged 25, wife, born in Wensley (d. 19/5/1906)

   William Clay aged 16, wife's brother, labourer, born in Wensley (d. 27/12/1935, buried 4/1/1936)

   Ann Clay aged 12, wife's sister, born in Wensley (d. 3/5/1921)

   Joseph Clay aged 9, wife's brother, born in Wensley (d. 25/12/1899)

   Sarah C Clay aged 11 months, daughter, born in Wensley

Thomas was the son of Adam Clay and Elizabeth Barker. Thomas and Mary married on 13/5/1890 at South Darley. Thomas remarried to Martha Kate Elliot on 28/5/1909. Thomas and Martha Kate were living at Rock Villa, Wensley from at least 1918 to when they died. In 1922 Thomas installed a bath there without permission from the local council ! This is the house more recently:

In 1891 Rock Villa was occupied by Jonathan Vickers. Martha Kate Clay left her effects to Robert Samuel Elliot, probably her brother. William Shaw Clay left his effects to Joseph Swift, probably his brother-in-law as Hannah Shaw Clay married William Swift in 1885.

Although the Herling + Shaw connection had not yet been made, Edward John Milward Herling was now in England from his birthplace in India. He was working as a 21 year-old "grocery assistant" at the Prince Albert Hotel (previously called Prince Albert Inn) in Watling Street Road, Fulwood, owned by William Sumner who was a "publican, brewer, farmer and army contractor" aged 64. The hotel was opposite the Fulwood army barracks in an area dominated by the Temperance Society, so had ready demand and little competition. And there was already a (horse-drawn) tram service to Fulwood from Preston. Later the hotel was to be renamed as the Sumner Hotel and Edward JM Herling was to become the owner.

In 1887, for one year only, William Dewhurst was the licensee of "The Royal Hotel" public house at 23 Church Street, Preston. In 1893-4 he was the licensee at "The Mariner's Home" in Marsh Lane, Preston. In 1881 Mary Dewhurst was the licensee of "The Fleece Inn' in St John Street, Preston and in 1882 Mary Dewhurst was licensee of "The New Town Hall Tavern" at 3 Main Sprit Wiend in Preston. In 1867 William Dewhurst was the first licensee of the "North Euston Hotel" at 49 Moor Lane, Preston.In 1913 a William Dewhurst was licensee of "The Fox and Grapes" in Fox Street, Preston and from 1907 to 1913 of "The Fox and Grapes'" in Ribbleton Lane, Preston and in 1904 of the "General Codrington" in New Hall Lane, Preston. And in 1901 "The Gibraltar" in New Hall Lane, Preston.